how to undo a git rm

2 min read 19-10-2024

How to Undo a `git rm` Command: Recovering Deleted Files in Git

Accidentally deleted a file using git rm? Don't panic! Git provides a powerful mechanism for recovering deleted files. This article will guide you through the process of undoing git rm and getting your files back.

Understanding `git rm`

The git rm command is used to remove files from your Git repository. This action has two key implications:

Removing from the working directory: The file is physically deleted from your local machine.
Removing from the staging area: The file is removed from the list of changes that will be committed in the next commit.

Undoing `git rm` Before Committing

If you haven't committed your changes after using git rm, recovering the deleted file is quite straightforward:

1. Recover the File:

Using git checkout: The most common way is to use the git checkout command with the deleted file's name. This command will restore the file from the HEAD (latest commit).
```
git checkout -- <filename>
```
Example:
```
git checkout -- my_deleted_file.txt
```

2. Add the File Back:

You need to add the recovered file back to the staging area. Use the following command:
```
git add <filename>
```
Example:
```
git add my_deleted_file.txt 
```

Important Note: If you've already staged other changes, you might need to re-add those files as well.

Undoing `git rm` After Committing

If you've already committed the git rm changes, the process is slightly more involved:

1. Use git revert:

The git revert command creates a new commit that undoes the previous commit.
```
git revert <commit_hash>
```
Example:
```
git revert HEAD
```
This reverts the last commit, bringing back the deleted file.

2. Use git reset (with caution):

git reset is a powerful command that allows you to move your HEAD pointer to a specific commit. It can be risky, so use it with caution.
```
git reset --soft <commit_hash>
```
Example:
```
git reset --soft HEAD^  
```
This command will undo the last commit and move the HEAD to the previous commit, effectively bringing back the deleted file. However, it will not create a new commit. You'll need to stage the changes again and make a new commit.

Important Note: Both git revert and git reset should only be used if you are absolutely sure about undoing the specific commit.

Additional Considerations

Using git reflog: If you're unsure about the commit hash to use with git revert or git reset, use git reflog to see a history of your actions.
```
git reflog
```
Recovering deleted branches: If you've deleted a branch, you can use git reflog to find the branch hash and then use git checkout -b <branch_name> <branch_hash> to recreate it.

Remember: It's always a good idea to back up your repository before using any of these commands. If you're unsure about how to use any of these commands, seek help from experienced Git users.

Source:

Stack Overflow: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1014822/how-to-undo-git-rm
Git Documentation: https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Undoing-Things

This article provides a comprehensive guide on how to recover deleted files from your Git repository. By understanding the different methods available, you can confidently undo git rm actions and regain control of your project.

how to undo a git rm